Researchers examined Greenland ice cores to study the pristine Arctic atmosphere. Thanks to ‘passive degassing’ from dormant volcanoes, the atmosphere in pre-industrial times contained many more climate-cooling sulfur particles than we thought. Reference: Current Biology paper Sleeping volcanoes leak more sulfur And fishmeal that is used to make chicken feed is taken from the ocean, anyway. But the study notes that marine wildlife disturbed by farming tend to recover, whereas habitats and species affected by farming on land generally don’t. The first study to map their impact on a global scale found that, by some metrics, chicken farming is more efficient than salmon farming: it yields 55 times more food per year because chickens grow to full size faster. Nature | 5 min read The global toll of chicken and salmonįarmed chicken and salmon are among the most sustainable meats available, but they still exert intense environmental pressures on the hotspots where farming is concentrated. “Discontinuing free access will break free tools developed to democratize research.” “Twitter is a global platform, and this decision has global ramifications,” says social-media researcher Renee DiResta. Thousands of projects, from studying online extremism to collecting real-time data during disasters, rely on the service. Twitter has announced, on short notice, that it will start charging for access to its application programming interface (API), which researchers use to extract and process large amounts of data from the platform. Credit: Tayfun Coskun/Anadolu Agency via Getty Twitter’s API charge could upend research

Twitter announced on 2 February that it would end free access to its API.

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